Sains Malaysiana 52(8)(2023): 2323-2336

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5208-12

Kajian terhadap EIS dan Kaedah Kehilangan Berat: Novel Perencat Kakisan Hijau daripada Ekstrak Etlingera elatior

(Investigation of EIS and Weight Loss Method: A Novel of Green Corrosion Inhibitor from Etlingera elatior Extract)

SYAHIDAH NABILA ROSLI¹, NORINSAN KAMIL OTHMAN^1,* & AHMAD RIFQI MD ZAIN²

¹Jabatan Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 8 April 2023/Diterima: 3 Ogos 2023

Abstrak

Perencatan kakisan berasaskan bahan pengekstrakan tumbuhan telah mendapat perhatian penyelidik sejak beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini disebabkan tidak bertoksik dan biodegredasi. Hasil ekstrak Etlingera elatior telah digunAakan dalam kajian ini sebagai perencat kakisan hijau dalam medium  0.5 M asid hidroklorik (HCl). Dalam kajian ini, bahan  ekstrak yang diperoleh telah dicirikan menggunakan analisis spektroskopi inframerah Fourier-transformasi (FTIR) dan spektroskopi jisim-kromatografi gas (GC-MS) untuk mengenal pasti kumpulan berfungsi dan sebatian kimia yang wujud. Keberkesanan bahan ekstrak dalam perencatan kakisan keluli berkarbon rendah telah dikaji melalui ujian kehilangan berat dan ujian impedans (EIS) dalam medium berasid mengikut parameter suhu (25 °C, 45 °C dan 65 °C) dan kepekatan ekstrak (250 ppm, 450 ppm, 650 ppm, 950 ppm dan 1050 ppm) yang berbeza. Spesimen keluli berkarbon rendah dicirikan melalui mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM) dan serakan x penyebaran tenaga (EDX). Spektroskopi inframerah Fourier-transformasi (FTIR) telah menunjukkan kehadiran kumpulan berfungsi seperti hidroksil dan alkena. Sebatian organik yang mempunyai ikatan π dengan kepadatan elektron tinggi akan memudahkan proses penjerapan. Analisis GC-MS pula mendedahkan empat sebatian utama yang terdapat dalam ekstrak Etlingera elatior iaitu N-asid hexadekanoik, siklododekan, 9,12-asid oktadekadienoik dan asid dodekanoik. Kecekapan perencatan yang diperoleh dari ujian kehilangan berat mendapati bahawa peratusan kecekapan perencatan tertinggi adalah 93.6%, manakala bagi ujian impedans (EIS) adalah 90.5% pada kepekatan 950 ppm. Suhu yang tinggi juga mempercepatkan kadar kakisan dan kecekapan perencatan (IE%) menurun. Morfologi pembentukan lapisan pelindung dilihat pada permukaan berkarbon rendah apabila dengan kehadiran perencat kakisan ekstrak Etlingera elatior. Secara keseluruhannya, perencat kakisan daripada ekstrak Etlingera elatior berupaya menghalang kakisan berlaku disokong pula dengan sifat yang mesra alam.

Kata kunci: Ekstrak Etlingera elatior; kecekapan perencatan; keluli berkarbon rendah; Spektroskopi Impedans Elektrokimia (EIS); 0.5 M asid hidroklorik (HCl)

Abstract

Corrosion inhibition based on plant extracts has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years due to its non-toxicity and biodegradability. Etlingera elatior extract was used in this study as a green corrosion inhibitor in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium. In this study, the extract obtained was characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the functional groups and chemical compounds present. The effectiveness of Etlingera elatior extract in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel was studied through weight loss test and impedance test (EIS) in acidic medium according to different temperature parameters (25 °C, 45 °C and 65 °C) and extract concentration (250 ppm, 450 ppm, 650 ppm, 950 ppm and 1050 ppm). Mild steel specimens were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-dispersive (EDX). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has shown the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl and alkenes. Organic compounds that have π bonds with high electron density will facilitate the adsorption process. GC-MS analysis showed four main compounds found in Etlingera elatior extract whice are N-hexadecanoic acid, cyclododecane, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid and dodecanoic acid. The inhibition efficiency obtained from the weight loss test found that the highest inhibition efficiency percentage was 93.6%, while for the impedance test (EIS) it was 90.5% at a concentration of 950 ppm. High temperature also accelerates the corrosion rate and the inhibition efficiency (IE%) decreases. The morphology of the protective layer formation is seen on the mild steel surface when in the presence of the corrosion inhibitor Etlingera elatior extract. Overall, the corrosion inhibitor from Etlingera elatior extract is able to prevent corrosion from occurring supported by its eco-friendly properties.

Keywords: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS); Etlingera elatior extract; inhibition efficiency; mild steel; 0.5 M hydrochloric acid

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: insan@ukm.edu.my